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函数题:双端队列

Luz3年前 (2021-10-19)题库837
双端队列(deque,即double-ended queue的缩写)是一种具有队列和栈性质的数据结构,即可以(也只能)在线性表的两端进行插入和删除。若以顺序存储方式实现双端队列,请编写例程实现下列操作:

- Push(X,D):将元素X插入到双端队列D的头;
- Pop(D):删除双端队列D的头元素,并返回;
- Inject(X,D):将元素X插入到双端队列D的尾部;
- Eject(D):删除双端队列D的尾部元素,并返回。

### 函数接口定义:
c++
bool Push( ElementType X, Deque D );
ElementType Pop( Deque D );
bool Inject( ElementType X, Deque D );
ElementType Eject( Deque D );


其中Deque结构定义如下:

c++
typedef int Position;
typedef struct QNode *PtrToQNode;
struct QNode {
ElementType *Data; /* 存储元素的数组 */
Position Front, Rear; /* 队列的头、尾指针 */
int MaxSize; /* 队列最大容量 */
};
typedef PtrToQNode Deque;

注意:Push和Inject应该在正常执行完操作后返回true,或者在出现非正常情况时返回false。当Front和Rear相等时队列为空,Pop和Eject必须返回由裁判程序定义的ERROR。

### 裁判测试程序样例:
c++
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define ERROR -1
typedef int ElementType;
typedef enum { push, pop, inject, eject, end } Operation;
typedef enum { false, true } bool;
typedef int Position;
typedef struct QNode *PtrToQNode;
struct QNode {
ElementType *Data; /* 存储元素的数组 */
Position Front, Rear; /* 队列的头、尾指针 */
int MaxSize; /* 队列最大容量 */
};
typedef PtrToQNode Deque;

Deque CreateDeque( int MaxSize )
{ /* 注意:为区分空队列和满队列,需要多开辟一个空间 */
Deque D = (Deque)malloc(sizeof(struct QNode));
MaxSize++;
D->Data = (ElementType *)malloc(MaxSize * sizeof(ElementType));
D->Front = D->Rear = 0;
D->MaxSize = MaxSize;
return D;
}

bool Push( ElementType X, Deque D );
ElementType Pop( Deque D );
bool Inject( ElementType X, Deque D );
ElementType Eject( Deque D );

Operation GetOp(); /* 裁判实现,细节不表 */
void PrintDeque( Deque D ); /* 裁判实现,细节不表 */

int main()
{
ElementType X;
Deque D;
int N, done = 0;

scanf("%d", &N);
D = CreateDeque(N);
while (!done) {
switch(GetOp()) {
case push:
scanf("%d", &X);
if (!Push(X, D)) printf("Deque is Full!\n");
break;
case pop:
X = Pop(D);
if ( X==ERROR ) printf("Deque is Empty!\n");
else printf("%d is out\n", X);
break;
case inject:
scanf("%d", &X);
if (!Inject(X, D)) printf("Deque is Full!\n");
break;
case eject:
X = Eject(D);
if ( X==ERROR ) printf("Deque is Empty!\n");
else printf("%d is out\n", X);
break;
case end:
PrintDeque(D);
done = 1;
break;
}
}
return 0;
}

/* 你的代码将被嵌在这里 */


### 输入样例:
in
3
Pop
Inject 1
Pop
Eject
Push 2
Push 3
Eject
Inject 4
Inject 5
Inject 6
Push 7
Pop
End


### 输出样例:
out
Deque is Empty!
1 is out
Deque is Empty!
2 is out
Deque is Full!
Deque is Full!
3 is out
Inside Deque: 4 5






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